Aerial photography might be a feature of our daily lives we now take for granted but it is a relatively new art form with the first known image being taken in 1858.
French photographer Gaspar Felix Tournachon, known as Nadar, produced the first known aerial photograph from a tethered hot air balloon. The picture captured the French village of Petit-Becetre from a height of 80 metres and was developed using an innovative dark room on board the balloon.
These early photographs are no longer in existence but another, also from a hot air balloon, survived from 1860 when James Wallace Black and Samuel Archer King took a picture called Boston, as the Eagle and Wild Goose See It, from the air.
The first free flight balloon photos were captured by Triboulet over Paris in 1879.
In 1911, Russian military engineer Colonel Potte designed the first semi-automatic aerial camera which went on to be used on World War 1.
Other pilots such as Fred Zinn went on to further develop the use of aerial photographs for military use during the war years.
World War 1 veterans Francis Wills and Claude Graham White went on to form the first commercial aerial photography company, Aerofilms; Wills having worked as an observer with the Royal Naval Air Service and White as a pioneer aviator who became famous for having made the first night flight in 1910.
Their Aerofilms collection a total of 1.26 million negatives and 2000 albums – is now housed in the archive of National Monuments in Swindon.
Inventor Sherman Fairchild launched his own aircraft firm, Fairchild Aircraft, which designed and built aircraft to carry out high altitude survey work. By 1935, his craft carried specialist cameras capable of taking pictures at more than 20,000 feet, each covering more than 225 miles.
He won a government contract in 1938 to conduct an aerial survey of New Mexico to study the process of soil erosion. He later developed a more sophisticated high altitude camera with nine-lens in one unit able to take a photo of 600 square miles with each exposure from 30,000 feet.
Modern digital cameras enable people to take good quality amateur photographs from pleasure trips in planes and helicopters but the images are rarely as sharp as those captured by professional aerial photographers as they are taken typically through glass windows with an amount of engine vibration.
Professionals have captured amazing shots from above of animals, natural phenomena, construction, and feats of engineering; they have used pictures to show scale and contrast, colour and grandeur giving a perspective hard to glean from the ground. And while we stared wide eyed with admiration at their professionalism put into practice around the globe, it is still hard to beat seeing a photo of your own home from the air.
About the author: Ian Hay works for Above All Images, an aerial photography business.

